IMO Conventions

1.   Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher– it has a black band around the body and is used for extinguishing electrical and liquid fires.

2.   Foam Fire Extinguisher – this has a yellow band around the body and is used for extinguishing oil fires.

3.   Water Fire Extinguisher – this has a red band contained between two thin white bands around the body. It is used to extinguish paper, wood and cloth.

4.   CO2 Fire Extinguisher – this has a black band around the body and is used to extinguish electrical and liquid fires. Remember, only the Dry Powder and CO2 extinguishers can be used on electrical fires.

5.    Fire Hydrants and Hoses.

These are positioned throughout the engine room; a fire axe is sometimes alongside the fire hoses. The hydrant valves should be opened; hoses run out and discharged to the bilges at regular intervals to ensure operation.

6.    Aqueous Film Forming Foam.

       Known as AFFF and (pronounced A triple F) was developed in the sixties and is a great innovation to firefighting not only in ships engine rooms, but on oil and gas platforms worldwide. AFFF is supplied in its own containers and added to an AFFF storage tank and is operated by pressurised seawater. Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent (also known as lighter-water foam extinguishing agent), it is consisted of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants, assistant agent, stabilizing agent, anti-freeze, etc. It is a kind of high efficient extinguishing agent with characters of producing a thin aqueous film which spreads across the surface of the fuel, separating the fuel from oxygen, fine fluidity, fast extinguishing speed, anti-after combustion, tight sealing, anti-contamination and long-term storage. It can smother fire quickly by all kinds of low, medium expansion foam generators and can be used to put out fires of oil material together with powder extinguishing agent. It is also applicable to put out large area’s fire of oil stock tank by injecting way. It is widely used in oilfield, refinery, oil-depot, shipping, pier and airport, etc. This product can be mixed with fresh water or sea water.

General rules for fire extinguishing.

       If a fire is found on board it must be extinguished immediately with the available equipment, and the fire alarm must be given. When the alarm sounds the ship’s officers and crew should immediately follow the standing instructions laid down in the ship’s fire plan. Portable fire extinguishers are essentially first-aid units and contain only a limited quantity of fire extinguishing agent. Therefore, such extinguishers should not be used until the location of the fire is properly determined. Rescue of persons in danger must be started as quickly as possible. Quiet and controlled action – especially from the personnel in charge is necessary so as to avoid panic. The master or duty officer should check on the situation immediately. The master must decide if the life boats are to be launched, and if the ship is to be turned to reduce the risk if spreading the fire and to assist extinguishing. The air supply to the space on fire and all adjacent space must be shut off as quickly as possible by stopping all fans, closing vents and oil pipes, and by closing all other openings. However, hatches and vents must not be closed. In case the fire involves the chlorates which contain their own oxygen, and which cannot, therefore, be extinguished by smothering. During extinguishing poisonous carbon dioxide may be released where combustion is incomplete, and which may give rise to explosion. Therefore, if air is suddenly let into a smoke-filled room, a smoke gas explosion may happen, which may cause spurts of flame and further outbreaks spreading of the fire. Care must always be taken before opening a smoke-filled room, and fire extinguishing equipment must be ready for immediate use. It is therefore essential to check during and after a fire if flammable gases have been evolved in any space. Naked flames must not be used at or near places where has been a fire, or where explosive gases might be preset, until it has been checked that the spaces are safe. Anyway, according Safety Management System, but also according natural human wish for living, it is necessary to take all measures to, at first, avoid a fire, and, in case of fire, to be ready for fire fighting! In the additional is a part of Emergency Operational Manual, regarding fire like emergency situation onboard.

Vocabulary.

To house – вмещать, содержать

Prone – предрасположенный

Incinerator waste – мусоросжигательная печь

Sediment - отстоявшийся слой, осадок

Water booster pump – водяной подкачивающий насос

Purified – очищать

Clarified – очищать (делать чистым, прозрачным)

Piping – трубопровод, система труб

Oily rag – замаслянная тряпка

Sludge – густая грязь

Fire flaps – пожарные клапаны (вентили)

A master control panel – главный пункт управления

Finder – искатель

To bang – ударять, бить, стучать

Bulkhead – перегородка

Fine mist – тонкие струйки при разбрызгивании

To starve – уничтожать, подавлять

Pin – болт

Trigger – спусковой механизм

Smartly – энергично, резко, сильно

Fluidity – жидкое состояние, текучесть

Stock tank – резервуар-хранилище

To smother –  тушить, гасить

To inject – впрыскивать

Chlorate – хлорат, соль хлорноватой кислоты

Spurt – внезапное резкое усиление, рывок

Naked flame – открытый огонь

To be preset – быть заранее установленным, запрограммированным

 

3. Answer the questions.

1. Why is the engine room a very fire prone area?

2. What is the function of steam boiler?

3. If a fire breaks out it will spread very quickly?

4. Why can engine room fires produce failures of some systems away from the engine room?

5. Are there permanent fire boundaries within the machinery area?

6. What are main elements of fire detection systems in the engine room?

7. What types of detectors are used in the engine room?

8. Where do they place and why?

9. When does an alarm bell sound in the machinery space?

10. What alarm signal can you give if you discovered fire?

11. What is the fire signal on board ships?

12. What f9ire fighting equipment is installed in the engine room?

13. What types of fire extinguishers are used in the engine room? Describe them in brief.

 

4. Choose the right preposition according to the contest of the text.

1. Heated fuel oils range in temperature _____ 120 to 150 degrees Celsius.

2. _____ the large quantities of fuel present in engine rooms there is a risk that if a fire breaks out it will very quickly spread over the whole area.

3. The system consists of different types of fire detectors located at various places _____ the risk of the type of fire.

4. _____ the detection of a fire, an audible alarm is sounded throughout the ship.

5.   It  is  necessary  to  give  an  alarm _____ concentrate resources and effort quickly onto the fire.

6. The equipment should be of the more modern type of water nozzles which actually supply a fine mist, _____ a flow of water.

7. AFFF was developed in the sixties and is a great innovation to firefighting not only in ships engine rooms, _____ on oil and gas platforms worldwide.

8. If a fire is found _____ board it must be extinguished immediately with the available equipment.

9. The air supply to the space on fire and all adjacent space must be shut _____ as quickly as possible by stopping all fans.

10. Care must always be taken _____ opening a smoke-filled room.

Upon, on, because of, off, before, as high as, in order to, but, as per, rather than.

 

5. Define if the sentences are true or false.

1. The engine room doesn’t house any tanks of heated fuel oils.

2.  Fuel oils are heated from 120 till 150 degrees Celsius.

3.  The fire promotes a thermal lift growth unless the engine room ventilation is shut down and the fire flaps are closed.

4. Fire detectors in the engine room are located at various places as per the risk of the type of fire.

5. The sprinkler system can not be operated automatically but only manually.

6. The fire alarm must be given only after fire spreading on board the ships.

7.  Portable fire extinguishers contain only a limited quantity of fire extinguishing agent.

8.  Quiet and controlled action – especially from the personnel in charge is necessary so as to smother a fire.

9.  Hatches and vents must be closed.

10. It is necessary to take all measures to, at first, avoid a fire, and, in case of fire, to be ready for fire fighting.

 

6. Compose the sentences.

1. The engine room houses machines like steam boilers used for … 2. Incinerator wastes like oily rags, sludge, and other operational wastes are burnt … 3. Smoke, flames, and heat are employed for …  4. The flame detectors are used near fuel handling units … 5. The signal for a fire on boards is … 6. There are four main types of fire extinguishers with a different coloured band around the top of the body … 7. The air supply to the space on fire and all adjacent space must be shut off as quickly as possible … 8. During extinguishing poisonous carbon dioxide may be released … 9. It is essential to check during and after a fire if …

a) … where combustion is incomplete. b) …  like purifiers, hot filters, refiners, conditioners. c) … at a temperature of 850 degrees C and above. d) … by closing vents and oil pipes. e) … a long blast on the ship’s whistle along with sounding of the vessel’s general alarm. f)  … the detection purposes. g)  … the production of steam for heating fuel oil. h) … flammable gases have been evolved in any space. i) … denoting which type of extinguisher it is.

 

7. Translate into English.

1. В машинном  отделении при пожаре горению  подвергаются в первую очередь  различные горючие жидкости (соляровое  масло, мазут и т. д.), промасленная  ветошь, уголь.

2. В связи  с тем, что температура в  зоне горения быстро достигает  величины порядка 900° С, главные  и вспомогательные механизмы  судна могут выходить из строя,  что значительно уменьшает живучесть  судна.

3. Шахты машинного  отделения и палубы над этим  помещением должны изготовляться  из стали или других равноценных  материалов с несгораемой изоляцией.

4. Все противопожарные  системы и средства пожаротушения  должны быть исправными; подступы  к пусковым устройствам противопожарных  систем и средствам тушения  нельзя загромождать.

5. Для обнаружения  пожара в судовых помещениях  могут быть установлены датчики  автоматической электрической системы  сигнализации (ЭПС) дымовые и тепловые.

6. Передвижные  огнетушители - это, в основном, пенные  огнетушители с резервуаром объемом  45-136 л., куда заливается раствор  воды с пенообразователем.

 

 

 

 

Control test.

 

1. Find the right explanation of the following terms.

1. Adapter 2. Air foam nozzle (mechanical foam nozzle)   3. Arcing  4. Automatic alarm 5. Breathing apparatus 6. Class A fire:  7.  Class B fire 8. Class C fire 9. Class D fire 10. Conduction 11. Extinguisher 12. Fire 13. Fire detector 14. Fumes 15. Hose 16. Noncombustible material 17. Protective clothing 18. Portable fire extinguisher 19. Smothering

a) A device that gives a warning when fire occurs in the area protected by the device; it senses and sends a signal in response to heat, smoke, flame or any indication of fire. b) A device that provides the user with breathing protection; it includes a facepiece, body harness and equipment that supplies air or oxygen. c) A fire involving energized electrical equipment, conductors or appliances. Nonconducting extinguishing agents must be used for the protection of firefighters. d) A fire involving flammable or combustible liquids, flammable gases, greases and similar products. Extinguishment is accomplished by cutting off the supply of oxygen to the fire or by preventing flammable vapors from being given off. e) A general term used to describe the ensemble of gear a firefighter wears. Includes boots, foul weather gear, gloves, hat or special heat-resistant suits. f) Pure electricity jumping across a gap in a circuit. The intense heat at the arc may ignite any nearby combustible material or may fuse the metal of the conductor. g) A smoke, vapor or gas given off by a fire which could be irritating, offensive or dangerous to the fire fighter. h) Normally portable equipment approved for use on certain types and classes of fires. i) One that will not burn or support combustion. j) A hose coupling device for connecting hoses of the nominal size, but which have different type threads. k) The transfer of heat through a solid body. l) One that can be carried to the fire area for a fast attack; it contains a limited supply of extinguishing agent. m) A fire involving common combustible materials which can be extinguished by the use of water or water solutions. Materials in this category include wood and wood-based materials, cloth, paper, rubber and certain plastics. n) A special pick-up tube or nozzle incorporating a foam maker to aspirate air into the solution to produce air foam. o) A method of fire extinguishment that separates the fuel from the oxygen; an attack on the edge of the fire tetrahedron where the fuel and oxygen sides meet (also see fire tetrahedron). p) An alarm usually activated by thermostats, sprinkler valves or other automatic devices that activate electrical circuits to the control station located on the bridge. q) A fire involving combustible metals, for example, sodium, potassium, magnesium, titanium and aluminum. Extinguishment is accomplished through the use of heat absorbing extinguishing agents such as certain dry powders that do not react with the burning metals. r) A chemical reaction known as rapid oxidation that produces heat and light in the form of flames, gases and smoke. s) A flexible tube used to carry fluid from a source to an outlet. Standard shipboard fire hoses are 1 1/2" or 2 1/2" in diameter. They are normally 50 feet in length, with a female coupling installed on one end and a male coupling on the other.

 

 

 

Приложение.

1. Лексический минимум.

МКУБ.

1. Глоссарий МКУБ.

МКУБ — Международная Кодекс по Управлению  Безопасностью СУБ — Система Управления Безопасностью  Аварийная ситуация Администрация Акт о несоответствии Акт освидетельствования Аудиторская  проверка Вид аудита: 1. Первоначальный; 2. возобновляющий; 3.Дополнительный; 4.Периодический,  Вид освидетельствования Временное свидетельство об управлении безобезопасностью. Временный документ о соответствии Выполнение требований Главный аудитор по МКУБ Главное управление PC (ГУР) / РЛ / АР Градация несоответствия снижена/повышена Дата выдачи... Действителен до... Документ о соответствии компании (ДСК) Документ по управлению безопасностью  Замечание Значительное несоответствие Изъятие Исправление подтверждаю: Испытание Количество несоответствий Корректирующие действия Критическая операция Ллойд регистр  судоходства  Меры безопасности Международный Кодекс по управлению безопасностью (МКУБ). Назначенное лицо Настоящим удостоверяется ... Незначительное несоответствие Необходимо дополнительное освидетельствование Несоответствие  Несоответствие устранено/закрыто  Объект освидетельствования  Объективное доказательство Одобрение/одобрено Ознакомление с устройствами безопасности  Освидетельствование:  первичное возобновляющее периодическое дополнительное Особая операция Отчётный документ Оценка /оценивать  Оценивать эффективность  Оперативный план борьбы за живучесть Повреждение корпуса/винта/вала Потеря мореходности судна  Подтверждение освидетельствования  Преднамеренные действия Принято к сведению Приостановить действие документа  Проверочный лист Проверочный лист ознакомления с судном Расписание по тревогам  Российский морской  регистр судоходства Руководство  по безопасности  Руководство по применению МКУБ Свид-во об управлении безопасностью (СвУБ) Система управления безопасностью (СУБ) Система управления качеством (СУК) Срок действия данного  документа продлён до ... Срок действия сертификата  до: Судовое наставление по управлению безопасностью Судовое наставление по подготовке персонала по противопожарной безопасности Судовой буклет по мерам  противопожарной безопасности Судовой план технического обслуживания, ремонта и проверки противопожарных систем и средств Судовой план по чрезвычайным ситуациям Судовой план чрезвычайных мер по борьбе загрязнением нефтью Уведомление Я ознакомлен с ...

ISM Code — The Internationa] Safety Management Code SMS — Safety Management System Emergency situation Administration Non-conformity report Verification report Audit Type of audit: 1.Initial; 2.Renewal; 3.Additional; 4.Periodical. Type of verification Interim Safety Management Certificate Interim Document of Compliance The fulfilment of the requirements ISM Code Lead Auditor Head office of the RMRS / LR / ABS Non-conformity downgraded/upgraded   Date of issue... Valid until... Certificate of Compliance (DOC) Safety Management Certificate(SMC)   Observation Major non-conformity(MNC) Exemption Correction valid:   Testing Number of non-conformities Corrective actions.     Critical operation Lloyd's Register of Shipping   Safety measures International Safety Management(ISM)Code Designated person This is to certify... Minor non-conformity Additional verification is necessary Non-conformity(NC) Non-conformity closed out Verification object Objective evidence Approval/approved Familiarization with safety installation   Verification: initial renewal periodical additional Special operation Objective evidence Evaluation / Evaluate Evaluate the efficiency Damage Control Plan Damage of the hull/propeller/shaft Loss of seaworthy by vessel Endorsement for verification Deliberate actions Duly noted Invalidate certificate Check list Ship familiarization check list Muster List Russian Maritime Register of Shipping Safety Guide Guidelines on the application of ISM Code Safety Management Certificate(SMC)   Safety Management System(SMS) Quality Management System(QMS) The validity of the document/certificate is he extended until... Duration of certificate until... Ship’s Safety Management Manual   Fire Safety Training Manual     Fire Safety Operational Booklet   Maintenance Plan for Fire Protection System Appliances   Shipboard Contingency Plan SOPEP — Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency   Reporting I am familiarized with ...