IMO Conventions

 

4. Answer the questions.

1. What were the reasons of a number of serious accidents occurred during the late 1980’s?

2. How did Lord Justice Sheen describe the management failures?

3. What Guidelines were adopted at the 16^th Assembly of IMO in 1989?

4. What was the purpose of these Guidelines?

5. What was their objective?

6. What are the most important means of the existing international instruments under the Guidelines?

7. When did IMO adopt the ISM Code?

8. What does ISM Code establish?

9. How is “the Company”  defined?

 

5.  Insert the missed words which are proposed after the text.

     At its 16th Assembly in October 1989, IMO adopted resolution A.647(16), __________ .

     The purpose of these Guidelines was to provide those responsible for the operation of ships with a framework for the proper development, implementation and assessment of __________  in accordance with good practice.

     The objective was to ensure safety, to prevent __________, and to avoid damage to the environment, in particular, the marine environment, and to property. The Guidelines were based on general principles and objectives so as __________ and operating practices within the industry as a whole.

After some experience in the use of the Guidelines, in 1993 __________ adopted the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (the ISM Code).

In 1998, the ISM Code became __________.

     The Code establishes safety-management objectives and requires a safety management system (SMS) __________ -

The Company is then required to establish and implement a policy for achieving these objectives

Every company is expected "to designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to __________ ".

     The procedures required by the Code should be documented and compiled in __________, a copy of which should be kept on board.

1. to be established by "the Company",
2. mandatory
3. safety and pollution prevention management
4. the highest level of management
5. to promote evolution of sound management
6. Guidelines on Management for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention.
7. a Safety Management Manual
8. human injury or loss of life
9. IMO

 

6.  Translate into English.

          Мировое сообщество, обеспокоенное  крупными авариями морских судов,  тяжелыми условиями жизнедеятельности  экипажей судов, а так же  существенным ухудшением экологического  состояния морских акваторий,  разработало большое количество  международных правовых актов,  устанавливающих требования к  состоянию транспортного и рыболовного  флота, способам его эксплуатации. Международная Морская Организация и Международная Организация Труда – МОТ разработали ряд международных конвенций по обеспечению безопасности человеческой жизни на море, защите окружающей среды от загрязнения с судов, обеспечению нормальных условий жизни и труда для экипажей морских судов.

 

Home task.

 

1. Read and translate the following text.

 

Development of the Guidelines on implementation of the ISM Code. 

 

     Recalling resolution A.741(18) by which the Assembly adopted the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (International Safety Management (ISM) Code), IMO adopted on 23 November 1995 resolution A.788(19) on Guidelines on  implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code by Administrations.

     Noting that the ISM Code was expected, under the provisions of chapter IX of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, to become mandatory for companies operating certain types of ships, as from 1 July 1998, and recognizing  that an Administration, in establishing that safety standards are being maintained, has a responsibility to ensure that Documents of Compliance have been issued in accordance with the Guidelines, and that there may be a need for Administrations to enter into agreements in respect of issuance of certificates by other Administrations in compliance with chapter IX of the 1974 SOLAS Convention and in accordance with resolution A.741(18), IMO recognized further the need for uniform implementation of the ISM Code.

     Having considered the recommendation made by the Maritime Safety Committee at its sixty-fifth session and the Marine Environment Protection Committee at its thirty-seventh session, the Assembly adopted the Guidelines on Implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code by Administrations (resolution A.788(19)).

     The resolution urged Governments, when implementing the ISM Code, to adhere to the Guidelines, in particular with regard to the validity of the Document of Compliance and the Safety Management Certificate required by the ISM Code; and also urged Governments to request the companies concerned to apply for certification under the ISM Code as soon as possible but not later than twelve months prior to the ISM Code becoming mandatory for ships belonging thereto;  to inform the Organization of any difficulties they have experienced in using these Guidelines, so that the Maritime Safety Committee and the Marine Environment Protection Committee could  keep the annexed Guidelines under review and to amend them as necessary.

     These Guidelines established basic principles for verifying that the Safety Management System (SMS) of a Company responsible for the operation of ships or the SMS for the ship or ships controlled by the company complies with the ISM Code; and for the issue and periodical verification of the DOC and SMC. These Guidelines are applicable to Administrations.  

 

2. Make up 5 questions to this text in a written form.
3. Translate into English.

При разработке и применении упомянутых конвенций  функции контроля за их исполнением  возлагались на два соответствующих  института. Прежде всего, это государство, под чьим флагом плавает судно (государство  флага). Вторым контролирующим органом  должна являться специализированная организация  – классификационное общество. Ответственность  же за исполнение конвенционных требований возлагались на владельца судна. Однако практика показала, государство флага, с одной стороны, является заинтересованным лицом и старается предоставить своим судовладельцам наиболее благоприятные условия работы (с экономической точки зрения). С другой стороны, государство флага не всегда имеет возможность осуществлять действенный и постоянный контроль как за состоянием судна, так и за его работой.

В соответствии с вышесказанным  введен надзор со стороны классификационных  обществ различных стран. Для  этой цели был разработан Международный  Кодекс по Управлению Безопасностью  МКУБ (ISM Code). Его основное назначение – обеспечение безопасности на море, предотвращение человеческого травматизма  или жертв, избежание ущерба окружающей среде и имуществу.

 

Lesson 2.

 

1. Write down a synonym for each of the words on the left. Choose from the ones on the right.

1. to prohibit                 1. to happen

2.  to allow                    2. to assist

3.  to protect                  3. to strand

4.  to destroy                 4. to mend

5.  to carry                     5. to alter

6.  to finish                    6. to continue

7.  to occur                    7. to unload   

8.  to overturn                8. to permit

9.  to begin                     9. to complete

10.  to run aground        10. to forbid

11.  to help                    11. to transport

12.  to repair                  12. to capsize

13.  to go on                  13. to defend

14.  to discharge            14. to ruin

15.  to change                15. to start             

 

2. Read and translate the extracts of ISM Code.

1. The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.

2. The Assembly adopted resolution A.443(XI), by which it invited all Governments to take the necessary steps to safeguard the shipmaster in the proper discharge of his responsibilities with regard to maritime safety and the protection of the marine environment.

3. The Assembly also adopted resolution A.680(17), by which it further recognized the need for appropriate organization of management to enable it to respond to the need of those on board ships to achieve and maintain high standards of safety and environmental protection.

4. Recognizing that no two shipping companies or shipowners are the same, and that ships operate under a wide range of different conditions, the Code is based on general principles and objectives.

5. The Code is expressed in broad terms so that it can have a widespread application. Clearly, different levels of management, whether shore-based or at sea, will require varying levels of knowledge and awareness of the items outlined.

6. The cornerstone of good safety management is commitment from the top. In matters of safety and pollution prevention it is the commitment, competence, attitudes and motivation of individuals at all levels that determines the end result.

 

PART A - IMPLEMENTATION

1 GENERAL

1.1 Definitions 
The following definitions apply to parts A and B of this Code. 
1.1.1 "International Safety Management (ISM) Code" means the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention as adopted by the Assembly, as may be amended by the Organization. 
1.1.2 "Company" means the owner of the ship or any other organization or person such as the manager, or the bareboat charterer, who has assumed the responsibility for operation of the ship from the shipowner and who, on assuming such responsibility, has agreed to take over all duties and responsibility imposed by the Code. 
1.1.3 "Administration" means the Government of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly. 
1.1.4 "Safety management system" means a structured and documented system enabling Company personnel to implement effectively the Company safety and environmental protection policy. 
1.1.5 "Document of Compliance" means a document issued to a Company which complies with the requirements of this Code. 
1.1.6 "Safety Management Certificate" means a document issued to a ship which signifies that the Company and its shipboard management operate in accordance with the approved safety management system. 
1.1.7 "Objective evidence" means quantitative or qualitative information, records or statements of fact pertaining to safety or to the existence and implementation of a safety management system element, which is based on observation, measurement or test and which can be verified. 
1.1.8 "Observation" means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence. 
1.1.9 "Non-conformity" means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfilment of a specified requirement. 
1.1.10 "Major non-conformity" means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code. 
1.1.11 "Anniversary date" means the day and month of each year that corresponds to the date of expiry of the relevant document or certificate. 
1.1.12 "Convention" means the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended.

1.2 Objectives

1.2.1 The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property. 
1.2.2 Safety management objectives of the Company should, inter alia:

.1 provide for safe practices in ship operation and a safe working environment; 
.2 establish safeguards against all identified risks; and 
.3 continuously improve safety management skills of personnel ashore and aboard ships, including preparing for emergencies related both to safety and environmental protection.

1.2.3 The safety management system should ensure:

.1 compliance with mandatory rules and regulations; and 
.2 that applicable codes, guidelines and standards recommended by the Organization, Administrations, classification societies and maritime industry organizations are taken into account.

1.3 Application

The requirements of this Code may be applied to all ships.

1.4 Functional requirements for a safety management system 
Every Company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system which includes the following functional requirements:

.1 a safety and environmental-protection policy; 
.2 instructions and procedures to ensure safe operation of ships and protection of the environment in compliance with relevant international and flag State legislation; 
.3 defined levels of authority and lines of communication between, and amongst, shore and shipboard personnel; 
.4 procedures for reporting accidents and non-conformities with the provisions of this Code; 
.5 procedures to prepare for and respond to emergency situations; and 
.6 procedures for internal audits and management reviews.

Vocabulary.

To safeguard – охранять, защищать

The proper discharge – соответствующее выполнение

To enable – позволять, давать возможность, способствовать

To respond to – отвечать, реагировать на

Broad term – длительный срок

Widespread – широко распространенный

Awareness – понимание, осведомленность

The cornerstone – краеугольный камень

Commitment - обязательство

To pertain – принадлежать, иметь отношение к

The audit – ревизовать, проводить аудит

To substantiate – доказывать, обосновывать

Objective evidence – объективное доказательство

Identifiable deviation  - идентифицируемое отклонение

Inter alia – среди прочего, в частности

Amongst - среди

Non-conformity – несоответствие

 

3. Translate the following word combinations into English.

Управление безопасной эксплуатацией судов, соответствие требованиям МКУБ, фрахтователь по бербоут-чартеру, принимать на себя ответственность за что-то, государство, под флагом которого судно имеет  право плавать, проводить политику компании в области обеспечения  безопасности и защиты окружающей среды, ревизия управления безопасностью.

 

4. Match the terms with their explanations.

1.  Документ  о соответствии (ДОС) 2.  Администрация 3.  Замечание 4.  Свидетельство об  управлении безопасностью (СОУБ) 5.  Компания 6.  Международный Кодекс  по Управлению Безопасностью  (МКУБ) 7.  Объективное доказательство 8.  Несоответствие 9.  Система управления  безопасностью 10.  Существенное несоответствие

a) A document issued to a ship which signifies that the Company and its shipboard management operate in accordance with the approved safety management system. b) The International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention as adopted by the Assembly, as may be amended by the Organization. c) A statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence. d) The Government of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly.  e) An identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code. f) A structured and documented system enabling Company personnel to implement effectively the Company safety and environmental protection policy. g) The owner of the ship or any other organization or person such as the manager, or the bareboat charterer, who has assumed the responsibility for operation of the ship from the shipowner and who, on assuming such responsibility, has agreed to take over all duties and responsibility imposed by the Code.  h) An observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfilment of a specified requirement. i) A document issued to a Company which complies with the requirements of this Code. j) Quantitative or qualitative information, records or statements of fact pertaining to safety or to the existence and implementation of a safety management system element, which is based on observation, measurement or test and which can be verified.

 

5. Answer the questions.
1. What is the purpose of this Code?
2. Speak about the destination of resolutions A.443(XI), A.680(17).
3. What is the cornerstone of good safety management?
4. What are objectives of the Code?
5. What are safety management objectives of the Company?
6. What should the safety management system ensure?
7. Enumerate the functional requirements of a safety management system.

 

Home task.

 

1. Read and translate the text.

LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES

The safety of a vessel and her crew is the Master’s responsibility, who must ensure seaworthyness and experienced crew. He also must ensure sufficient number of safety equipment which is properly maintained and stowed. The crew has to know where it is kept and how it is used. All vessels must comply with the laws of their country of registration and relevant, applicable Shipping Act or Regulations regarding safety precautions and life saving appliances.

What concerns life jackets at least one approved must be for every person on board. It is recommended that they are equipped with a whistle and a light. They must be stowed ready at hand.

A Safety Harness should be worn by all sailors on deck in heavy weather or during the hours of darkness or restricted visibility. There must be an adequate number of strong-points on the vessel to which safety harnesses can be attached. There are lifebuoys of either circular or horseshoe shape of adequate size and buoyancy. Both must be carried on deck, ready for instant use; one must be within easy reach of the helmsman and equipped with a self-igniting buoy-light and dan marker.

Hundreds of lives have been saved by liferafts and in several cases the weather was such that a conventional lifeboat would have been useless. Liferafts vary in size from a 4 man up to a 42 man. All liferafts are capable of carrying double the numbers for which they are certified. Liferafts must be carried on deck or in a special stowage opening immediately. They must be capable of being launched within 30 seconds», They have two separate buoyancy compartments each, of which is automatically inflatable and are capable to carry its rated capacity with on compartment deflated.

Strong and effective lifelines of wire rope or metal tube, or a combination of both ought to be fitted right round the vessel including bow and stern without a break.

Their height from deck level equals 61 cm. Lowering of the lifeboat may call for considerable preparation. The danger of the lifeboat swinging heavily against the ship's side while being lowered, and sustaining grievous damage before she is in the water, is so imminent that it will usually be advisable to pass two wires under the bottom of the boat.

 
Vocabulary.

1. safety precautions - меры безопасности
2. harness -  рангоут и такелаж, привязные ремни
3. buoyancy - плавучесть, -надводное положение
4. dan marker - поплавок
5. inflatable - надутый  воздухом
6. deflate  -  выпускать воздух
7. lifelines - спасательный леер (трос),  бортовой леер.
8. bowsprit   -  бушприт
9. lifebuoys - спасательный круг
10. life  saving appliances -   приспособления для спасения жизни на море