IMO Conventions

       No, guns seem to be out of the question even though they are used to victimize hundreds of innocent merchant crew every year.

       This said, an effective brace of merchant weapons are the fire hose, flare gun and ship's horn. Used together, an alert crew can startle, blind and hose a pirate group off the deck before an attack takes hold. The key here is robbing pirates of their chief weapon &endash; the element of surprise.

       Diligence and better practices are starting to make a difference:

Substitutes are being found for carrying cash in the ship's safe;  24 hour radio watches; Pre-charged fire hoses at the ready; Anti-pirate watches have accounted for dozens of repelled attacks this year alone; and Bridge & engine room doors that will not open from the outside create safe havens for crew members against less determined pirate attacks.

       On the technology side, all sorts of gadgets have been proposed including a recent display in London of a bullet proof life jacket!

       One particularly effective system is known as "Shiploc" which uses a hidden personal computer aboard ship to monitor position by satellite 24 hours a day. Should anyone breach a fiber optic network stretched around the vessels perimeter, an automatic signal is provided both to the ship's crew and authorities ashore.

 

The ShipLoc System

 

Visit the ShipLoc website

 

       All 450 ships of "K" Line have recently been equipped with a similar system known as the "Seajack" alarm.

       Another competitor known as "Tigers Gate" immediately sounds an alarm for alerting the crew to boarders.

 

ANTI-PIRACY EFFORTS

       So what's being done to stem this bloody tide? Well, as I've hopefully made clear &emdash; not nearly enough.

       Following the 1988 United Nations "Rome Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Marine Navigation," the 41 nations adopting that treaty have only seen piracy increase.

       The 1994 United Nations Law of the Sea Convention advanced the concept of "Hot Pursuit" whereby Naval units could chase pirates into the territorial waters of other nations, capture the pirates and then put them on trial at home all under one legal jurisdiction. This is a good legal idea, but it is the Naval units that are absent from the mix.

       New laws just won't stop pirates &endash; this can only be done with political will and naval power.

       Fortunately, small steps have started to be taken. The Philippine Coast Guard has recently announced the adding of 30 new vessels for patrol of its thousands of archipelagoes.

       For the first time in over 50 years, the Japanese Maritime Safety Force, has recently been authorized to operate out of Singapore and is exercising this week with Singapore forces on a specific Aniti-Piracy mission.

       The Brazilian Congress has recently established an anti-piracy force for Rio de Janero and hopes to follow this shortly with a second unit at Port Santos.

 

Vocabulary.

Plundering –  расхищение, грабеж

To pillage - мародерство

A spate - наводнение

Horn – рог

Grinding poverty –  мучительная (ужасная) бедность

To implode - взрывать

To highjack – угонять, похищать, захватывать

To be taken hostage – быть взятым в заложники

Hotbed – очаг, рассадник

To murder in cold blood – убивать хладнокровно

To rape - изнасиловать

Mutilation – увечье, калечение

A host - хозяин

Deprave - развращенный

Commit theft – совершить воровство

Furtherance – помощь, содействие

Without peer – несравненный

Scum – пена, накипь

To haul – тащить, буксировать

The thug – бандит, убийца

The prey - добыча

Shopping sprees

Twist – обвивать охватывать, изгиб, поворот

Mermaid – русалка, сирена, наяда

Luring – манящий, приманивающий,

Outright ban – абсолютное запрещение

To escalate – обострить, усугубить

Harshness – грубость, жестокость

Walkie-talkie – «воки-токи», ранцевая радиостанция; переносной приёмопередатчик

To startle – испугать, поразить, сильно удивить

Safe haven – безопасная гавань

To stem – задерживать, останавливать

Bloody tide – кровавый поток

To chase – гнаться, преследовать

Gadgets - приспособления

 

Exercises.

1. Найдите ответы на следующие вопросы.

1. What type of economy is booming in Somalia? Explain this term. 2. Prove that today’s piracy is the deadly modern reality. 3. What is the piracy according to the International Maritime Bureau? 4. What is the difference between two terms: highjacking and piracy crime? 5. Why is the piracy often referred to as a “movable crime”? 6.  What geographical areas are the most dangerous? 7. What are categories of pirates? 8. What are the types of pirates attacks? 9. How can the piracy be stopped?

a) Because new hot spots tend to pop up all the time while other locations return to relative peace. b) "Piracy is the act of boarding any vessel with an intent to commit theft or any other crime, and with an intent or capacity to use force in furtherance of that act. c) 1) low-life criminal     2) more sophisticated organized crime         groups     3) “Semi-Official Military Pirate” d) 1) by laws     2) by political will     3) by naval power e) Because of grinding poverty and internal     chaos the pirate economy is blooming in     Somalia. f) 1) A piracy crime requires that two vessels         are involved in the incident.     2) The crime has been undertaken for          Private, not political purposes. g) The Strait of Malacca, Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, the Arabian Peninsula, the West African Coast, the Coasts of Venezuela & Columbia. h) 1) Boarding of the vessel, robbing the crew          and escaping.      2) In addition stealing the cargo.      3) “Little Mermaid” i) 15 merchants vessels highjacked by pirates; 138 merchant vessels boarded by pirates; 11 merchant vessels fired upon by pirates, 35 merchant crew members badly injured; over 400 merchant crew members taken hostage by pirates; and over 75 merchant crew members murdered in cold blood.  But those figures are for 1998. In 2002 alone the increase may be as much as 60%.

 

2. Восстановите предложения.

1. В последние годы лавина нападений  пиратов со стороны Африки  … 2. Piracy is the act of boarding any vessel with an intent to commit theft … 3. Low-life criminal finds it more expedient to just steal your finger… 4. самый частый способ нападения  пиратов … 5. The second type of pirate attack is a more ambitious one where … 6. The time of attack is almost always … 7. Because vessels focus their attention and lookouts forward for navigation ahead … 8. Существует опасение, что использование  оружия  членами экипажа может  усугубить … 9. Эффективными средствами оружия  на торговых судах являются… 10. One particular effective system is known as “Shiploc”  which uses a hidden personal computer …

a) … where pirates board the merchant vessel, rob the crew and escape. b) … или любое другое преступление, или намерение или возможность использовать силу в поддержку этого действия. c) … both the violence of these attacks and the harshness of pirate reprisals. d) … между 1 и 6 часами утра. e) … на борту судна, чтобы наблюдать за положением с помощью спутника 24 часа в день. f) … вместо того, чтобы со временем забрать кольцо. g) … has shown that piracy can still be highly profitable as well as dangerous. h) … пираты не только грабят экипаж, но и крадут груз. i) … пираты почти всегда приближаются к судну и забираются на борт со стороны кормы. j) … the fire hose, flare gun and ship’s horn.

 

3. Согласитесь или опровергните следующие утверждения.

1.  The piracy is a new phenomenon in sea navigation history.

2.  The pirates are the part of the wild wind of adventure.

3.  A piracy crime distinguishes from simple highjacking that it is undertaken for private, not political purposes.

4.  The semi-official military pirate is less dangerous than other types of pirates.

5.  Considerable cash is commonly held in a merchant ship’s safe for payment port charges and payroll fees.

6.  The m/v “Bonsella”  was used by pirates in several successful attempts to board other vessels in the area.

7.  Even a vessel making over 17 knots is not safe from expert pirates who come along side at high speed and board in seconds.

8.  These can be pretty retarded thugs using radar and global positioning systems to track their prey.

9. Pirates use prostitutes for luring crews into what it would be called “submission”.

10.  Most nations have placed an permission on arming merchant vessels.

 

4. Приведите доказательства того, что нельзя вооружать торговые суда, используя содержание текста. Согласны ли вы с этим утверждением? Докажите свою точку зрения.

 

Unit 4.

 

Medical care on board.

 

Lesson 1.

 

Health and illness.

 

1. Match the translations of both columns.

To be in good health                тошнота

To resist illness                        ухудшать

Sleeping sickness                     уменьшение, ослабление

Travel sickness                        быть здоровым

Nausea                                     (снова) заболевать

Vomiting                                  сопротивляться болезни

To deteriorate                          быть здоровым           

To relapse                                сонная болезнь

Remission                               морская болезнь; тошнота, возникающая при езде или в полете

 

2. Read and translate the text.

Health is the state of the body. When doctors want to know about a patient’s usual health, they ask questions such as:

• What is your general health like?
• How’s your health, generally?

If you are in good health, you are well and have no illness (disease). If you are healthy, you are normally well and can resist illness. If you fit, you are well and strong.

 

healthy         fit           in good health                                  unhealthy             unfit

                                                                                                                               

                                                                                 not well                                    unwell                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

 

 

 

 

fit and well        well, very well                         not very well poorly            in poor health

 

Sickness has a similar meaning to illness. It is also used in the names of a few specific diseases, for example sleeping sickness and travel sickness. Patients also talk about sickness when they mean nausea and vomiting.

 

Patient says:                                                             Possible meanings:

I was sick this morning.	I was ill this morning. I felt unwell this morning. I vomited this morning.
I feel sick.	I feel ill. I feel unwell. I am nauseous. I feel the need to vomit.

 

The combination sickness and diarrhea means vomiting and diarrhea.

 

Recovery. When patients return to normal health after illness they have recovered. We can also say:

 

The patient

made a

good   full   complete

recovery.

 

If a patient’s health is in the process of returning to normal, the patient is improving. The opposite is deteriorating. We can also say that the patient’s condition improved or deteriorated.

In speech, we often use the verb get to talk about change:

 

Get	over (illness)	= to recover
	better	= to improve
	worse	= to deteriorate

 

If a patient is better, but then gets worse again, the patient has relapsed. Another word for improvement, especially in recurring conditions such as cancer, is remission.

• He got over the illness very quickly.
• Two years later she remains in complete remission.

 

Vocabulary.

Diarrhea - понос

Deteriorating - ухудшение

To relapse –  (снова) заболевать

Recurring condition – повторяющееся условие

Remission – уменьшение, снижение

Recovery – выздоровление, восстановление

 

3. Complete the table with words from A and B opposite. The first one has been done for you.

Noun                                                                    Adjective

fitness	fit
health
illness
sickness

 

4. Make word combinations using a word from each box.

Complete, feel, get, poor, travel.

Sickness, health, remission, sick, over.

 

5. Complete the conversation.

Doctor: How are you feeling today?

Patient: Not very well (a) ________ .

Doctor: How long have you been feeling (2) ________ ?

Patient: About a week.

Doctor: What is your (3) ________ like normally?

Patient: Very good. I’m usually quite (4) ________ and (5) ________ .

Doctor: What is the problem now?

Patient: It’s my stomach.

Doctor: Do you feel (6) ________ ?