10. Внимательно прочитайте  текст и изучите  правила ведения  деловой корреспонденции  на английском  языке. 

     Letter Writing

     There are various types of letters. They are: letters of complaints, letters asking for/giving information, letters of request, letters asking for/giving advice, letters of invitation, letters accepting/refusing an invitation, letters expressing congratulations/ thanks/regret/sympathy, letters giving news (narrative/descriptive), letters of apology, letters of application for a job, ect.

     A good letter should consist of:

     1. the correct greeting (Dear John, Dear Mrs. Newton, Dear Sir/Madam);

     2. an introduction in which we clearly state the reason we are writing;

     3. the main body in which we develop our subject, introducing each main point in separate paragraphs;

     4. a final paragraph in which we sum up what we talked about before or we express our wish for something to be done;

     5. an appropriate ending (Yours/Best Wishes, + name, Yours sincerely/Yours faithfully, + full name).

     Paragraph Plan for Letters

     Greeting

     Introduction: Paragraph 1 reason(s) for writing

     Main body: Paragraphs 2, 3 development of the subject

     Conclusion: Final paragraph closing remarks

     (full) name

     Note: Friendly letters have only one address (yours) whereas formal letters have two (yours and the recipient’s). Friendly letters begin with Dear + name and end with Love, Yours, Best Wishes + name. Formal letters begin with a) Dear Sir/Madam and end with Yours faithfully + full name or b) Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms + surname and end with Yours sincerely + full name.

           The characteristics of formal style in letters are:

           – the greetings (Dear Mr Rydd, Dear Sir);

           – frequent use of passive voice;

           – formal language (complex sentences, non-colloquial English);

           – no abbreviated forms;

           – the closing remark (Yours sincerely,/Yours faithfully,

     Mary Hill).

           The characteristics of informal style in letters are:

           – the greeting (Dear John, Dear Mum);

           – informal language and style (idioms, colloquial English);

           – abbreviated forms, pronouns omitted;

     – the closing remark (Yours, Love, Best Wishes, Regards,

                       Michael).

     11. Отметьте следующие  предложения как  верные (True) или неверные (False), основываясь на информации о переписке на английском языке, данной в тексте задания 9. Исправьте неверные предложения и запишите их.

     1. Colloquial English can be used in formal letters.(false) Colloquial English can be used in informal letters 2. You end a formal letter with “Yours, + first name”.(false) You end an informal letter with “Yours, + first name”.3. If you begin with “Dear Sir/Madam, you must end with “Yours faithfully”. (true) 4. Abbreviated forms can be used in formal letters. (false) Abbreviated forms can’t be used in formal letters. 5. The introductory paragraph gives full details about the subject of the letter. (false) The introductory paragraph doesn’t give full details about the subject of the letter. 6. The Passive Voice is not appropriate in a formal style. (false) The Passive Voice is appropriate in a formal style.7. In the main body of the letter we state the reason we are writing. (false) In the main body of the letter we state develop the subject..8. You must write only your address in formal letters. (false) You must write your address and the recipient’s in formal letters.

     12. В части В найдите предложения, заканчивающие письма, начало которых дано в части А. Запишите начало и окончание каждого письма. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык. Укажите вид каждого письма, (например: letter of complaint), и стиль – деловое или неофициальное.

           A. 1. I am writing to complain about the items which I ordered from your catalogue last month. I hope that the matter will be resolved quickly and that my money will be promptly refunded. (a letter of complaint, formal) я пишу с жалобой о товарах, которые я заказал из Вашего каталога в прошлом месяце. Я надеюсь на быстрое приятие решения по этому делу и что мои деньги будут быстро возвращены. 2. I would be grateful if you could send me further information concerning your summer courses in computer programming. Thank you in advance for your help, and I look forward to hearing from you. (a letter asking for information, formal) я был бы Вам благодарен если Вы могли бы прислать мне дальнейшую информацию относительно летних курсов по компьютерному программированию. 3. I’m writing for your advice on a small problem I’ve got. I’m really anxious to hear your suggestion. Write soon. (a letter asking for advice, informal) Я хочу посоветоваться по поводу небольшой проблемы. Я действительно хотел бы услышать твое предложение. Напиши скорее.  4. I am writing to apply for the post of junior manager. I hope you will consider my application and I look forward to hearing from you. (a letter of application for a job, formal) Я пишу, чтобы заявить себя на пост младшего менеджера. Я надеюсь Вы рассмотрите мое заявление и с нетерпением жду ответа. 5. I regret to inform you that you have not been accepted for the course. Please do not hesitate to contact us again should you wish to reapply in the future.( a letter giving information, formal) К сожалением Вам сообщаю, что Вы не приняты на курсы. Пожалуйста, обращайтесь к нам снова, если Вы захоти заново подать заявку к нам в будущем. 6. I was pleased to get your letter, and I’ll tell you what I think you should do. Hope my advice is useful, and let me know how everything turns out. (a letter giving advice, informal) Мне было приятно получить твое письмо, и я тебе скажу что тебе, по моему мнению, нужно делать. Надеюсь, мой совет будет полезен, и дай мне знать как все выйдет.

     13. Переведите письменно текст.

     How to Write a Business Letter

     There are many different reasons for writing a business letter. However, most business letters follow some general guidelines as described below.

           Use block style - do not indent paragraphs. Include address of the person you are writing to at the top of the letter, below your company address. After the address, double space and include date. Double space (or as much as you need to put the body of the letter in the center) and include the salutation. Include Mr. for men or Ms for women, unless the recipient has a title such as Dr. State a reference reason for your letter (for example: "With reference to our telephone conversation..."). Give the reason for writing (for example: "I am writing to you to confirm our order..."). Make any request you may have (for example: "I would be grateful if you could include a brochure..."). If there is to be further contact, refer to this contact (for example: "I look forward to meeting you at..."). Close the letter with a thank you (for example: "Thank you for your prompt help..."). Finish the letter with a salutation (for example: "Yours sincerely,"). Include 4 spaces and type your full name and title. Sign the letter between the salutation and the typed name and title. Keep the letter brief and to the point. Do not use shortened verb forms – write them out (for example: "don't instead of do not"). Always keep a copy of correspondence for future reference.

     Как написать деловое  письмо

     Для написания делового письма есть много причин. Однако, большинство деловых писем следуют общей схеме, описанной ниже.

     Пишите  массивом, не используйте деление  на параграфы. Включайте в письмо адрес получателя вверху письма, ниже адреса Вашей кампании. После адреса ставьте двойной пробел и включайте дату. Удвойте пространство (или столько, сколько Вам нужно, чтобы поместить основной текст письма в центр) и включите приветствие. Напишите Мистер для мужчин или мисс для женщин, в том случае, если у получателя нет звания, например, Доктор. Сделайте ссылку на причину Вашего письма, например: «Ссылаясь на наши телефонные разговоры…». Укажите причину Вашего письма (например, «Я пишу Вам, чтобы подтвердить наш заказ…»). Обратитесь с нужной Вам просьбой (например, «я бы был благодарен, если бы Вы включили брошюру…»). Если должны быть дальнейшие контакты, укажите на эти контакты (например, « Я с нетерпением жду встречи с Вами у…). Завершите письмо словами благодарности (например, «Спасибо за Вашу быструю помощь»). Закончите письмо приветствием (например, «Искренне Ваш»). Поставьте 4 пробела и напишите свое полное имя и должность. Подпишите письмо между приветствием и напесатанным именем с должностью. Пусть письмо будет коротким и по делу. Не используйте сокращенные глагольные формы, пишите их полностью (например, «don’t вместо do not). Всегда имейте копию писем для дальнейшего обращения.

     14. Вставьте пропущенные  слова в деловое  письмо. В каждый  пропуск необходимо  вставить по одному  слову. 

       

     Canda Components, Ltd.

     15 Temple Way

     Coventry

     Tel: (01203) 475866

     Fax: (01203) 642024 

     Email: kenny@cheese.com 

     Elizabeth Fordham 
Sales Manager 
Cheese Specialists Inc. 
456 Rubble Road 
Rockville, IL 896756      25 May 2006 

     (1) Dear Ms Fordham.

     (2) Further to your letter of 22 May, I would like to (3) apologize    for the confusion surrounding your order for components. This has occurred because you have ordered some components from our old catalogue and I (4) regret to inform you that these have been withdrawn from sale. Please find (5) enclosed a copy of our current catalogue showing the replacement models. 

     I would be (6) grateful if you would contact me at your earliest convenience to let me know whether you (7) wish to proceed with your order from the new catalogue. Should you have any enquiries concerning the replacement components, please do not (8) hesitate to ask. 

     I look (9) forward to hearing from you. 

     Yours (10) sincerely

     Anna Marx

     Anna Marx 

     Supplies Manager

     15. Заполните форму  письма-запроса информацией,  данной ниже, расположив  ее в нужном порядке.

     Lingua Services Galactic Ltd

      

     69 Milk Street, LONDON SW7 6AW, UK

     Tel: +44 20 123 4567 Fax: +44 20 765 4321

     Email: info@linguaservicesgalactic.com Ms Andrea Philips  

     Dreamtime Movies Universal Ltd. 54 Oxford Road Skagnes SK3 4RG.   

     Dear Ms Philips, Thank you for your letter of 22 January enquiring about our translation services. Lingua Services Galactic offer a full range of translation services to help you in the development of sales literature and web sites. I have pleasure in enclosing our latest brochures and price list from which you can see that our prices are highly competitive. I look forward to calling you in a few days.  

     Yours sincerely, James Brown. James T Brown. Sales Manager. Encl. 

     

16. Переведите текст  по своей специальности  письменно на русский  язык. Ответьте на  вопросы после  текста.

     

Making the Change to International Accounting Standards

     

Global companies need to present their performance in a way that is easily understood by the competitive global markets.

     

Companies with global ambitions need to be heard and understood globally. Companies making the change to International Accounting Standards (IAS) are choosing a leading global financial reporting framework. IAS helps them to access the world’s capital markets and position themselves to be principal players in the global marketplace.

     

The changing financial reporting environment. Financial reporting reaches a wider audience than ever before, an audience that demands relevance, transparency and credibility in financial reporting. Some of the significant factors influencing the financial reporting environment include:

     

Investor demand. Growth in cross-border investment over the last twenty years is creating demand for high-quality, uniform financial reporting. Investment decisions are made primarily using publicly available information. Credible and transparent financial reporting is therefore critical to the effectiveness of the capital markets.

     

Technology. The barriers of physical distance are falling, driven down by cheaper yet more powerful computing, together with dramatic telecommunications improvements. Unclear or unreliable information draws a swift and punishing response from the investment community.

     

Globalisation. The world’s industries and economies are undergoing a radical transformation, with the pace of change accelerating. Major industries are converging and global leaders are emerging. Financial resources move swiftly and readily across borders, replacing isolated national economies with a new global economy.

     

Global Benchmarking. Investors look at the financial information of a company’s competitors too, whether based in the same country or in other parts of the world. Financial reporting that is not easily understood by global users is unlikely to bring new business or capital to a company.

     

Consumer demand. Consumers of financial information can increasingly ignore national boundaries, thanks to the benefits of technology. Clear information on a company’s performance, financial or other, is necessary for customers’ purchasing decisions. Demand for clarity comes not just from customers: employees, suppliers and other stakeholders are consumers of financial reporting too.

     

Investors and consumers demand world class financial reporting. Changing to IAS can deliver enhanced investor confidence and finance raising capabilities, improved comparability with your peers and consistent financial information to effectively manage your business. 

     

Изменение интернациональных  бухгалтерских стандартов

     

Мировым кампаниям  нужно презентовать свою деятельность путем, легко понимаемым конкурирующими мировыми рынками.

     

Компаниям со всемирными амбициями нужно быть услышанными  и понятыми во всемирном масштабе. Кампании, вносящие изменения в Интернациональные  Бухгалтерские Стандарты выбирают ведущие глобальные финансовые формы отчетности. ИБС помогает иметь доступ к мировым рынкам капитала и к позиционированию их как основных игроков мирового рынка.