Локализация и ликвидация аварийных ситуаций на шахте

Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 07 Декабря 2011 в 14:07, курсовая работа

Краткое описание

Проветривание шахты ОАО «Ново-Широкинский рудник» осуществляется главной вентиляторной установкой, расположенной около устья ствола «Клетьевой» и соединенной с ним вентиляционным каналом. ГВУ оснащена двумя вентиляторами ВО-24К, один из них резервный. Схема проветривания шахты - центрально - фланговая. Способ проветривания - нагнетательный.

Содержание работы

Введение…………………………………………………………………………...3
1. Общее положение …………………………………………………………......5
2. Мероприятия по оповещению и спасению…………………………………..5
2.1. Поведение людей при получении сигнала об аварии.
Общие требования……………………………………………………………….7
2.2. Поведение людей при ликвидации аварии в начальной стадии…………7
2.3. Поведение людей застигнутых аварией в тупиковой выработке……….8
2.4. Поведение людей, застигнутых пожаром в забоях восстающих выработок………………………………………………………………………..9
2.5. Поведение людей, находящихся в клети при её зависании……………..9
3. Распределение обязанностей между отдельными лицами, участвующими в ликвидации аварий, и порядок их действий………………………………….10
4. Расчет времени выхода в самоспасателях из шахты на поверхность……23
Список используемой литературы……………………………………………36

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      Определяет  характер и причины аварии и информирует о своих действиях ответственного руководителя работ.

      Начальник участка или заместитель начальника участка при ликвидации аварии остается при ответственном руководителе работ для информации о состоянии  выработки, оборудования и пр. 

Обязанности электромеханика  участка

           Электромеханик  участка:

1. Является  на командный пункт и докладывает  о своем прибытии ответственному  руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии; 

2. Организует  бригаду для выполнения работ  по ликвидации аварии;

3. Контролирует  работу вентиляторных установок  в шахте

4. Обеспечивает  прекращение электроснабжения аварийного  участка;

5. Следит  за бесперебойной работой компрессора;

6. Обеспечивает  бесперебойную работу шахтного  оборудования;

7. Выполняет  указания и распоряжения главного энергетика шахты, если они   не противоречат распоряжениям ответственного руководителя работ.

8. Обо  всех действиях докладывает ответственному  руководителю работ. 

Обязанности горного сменного мастера

Аварийного  участка

      Немедленно  сообщает о своем местонахождении ответственному руководителю работ лично или через своих подчиненных (в случае невозможности оставить участок) и принимает на месте меры к выводу людей и ликвидации аварии.

Организует  работы по ликвидации аварии в начальной  стадии.

 Проверяет,  при необходимости обеспечивает, закрытие противопожарных дверей.

Организует  работы по возведению временных перемычек.

      По  указанию ответственного руководителя работ спускается в шахту, выясняет число оставшихся на участке людей  и принимает меры к их выводу в безопасные места или из шахты (как это предусмотрено Планом ликвидации аварии), определяет характер, размеры и причины аварии и информирует о своих действиях ответственного руководителя работ. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Обязанности стволового шахтной поверхности

  Получив  сигнал об аварии, обязан:

  1. Сообщить об аварии в ламповую и горному диспетчеру
  2. Оповестить людей, находящихся в шахте, об аварии по телефону. Поднять людей, находящихся в шахте, если это предусмотрено оперативной частью ПЛА;
  3. Поставить клеть в место, указанное в позиции ПЛА;
  4. Закрывать и открывать противопожарные ляды, двери в случаях, предусмотренных в ПЛА;
  5. По распоряжению ответственного руководителя работ прекращает спуск в шахту людей без пропусков.
 

Обязанности машиниста подъемной установки

  В случае  аварии на шахте выполняет  распоряжения ответственного руководителя  работ по ликвидации аварии.

Работает на подъёмной установке согласно поступивших  сигналов от стволового шахтной поверхности.  

Обязанности машиниста  компрессорной  установки

      Машинист  компрессорной, узнав об аварии, обеспечивает подачу сжатого воздуха, выполняет указания главного механика шахты и докладывает ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии. 

Обязанности ламповщика

        Получив извещение об аварии, немедленно прекращает выдачу  светильников всем лицам, не имеющим специального пропуска в шахту.

      Устанавливает по недостающим номерам число невыехавших из шахты лиц и сообщает об этом ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии.

      Принимает светильники от выехавших из шахты  людей.

  По  указанию ответственного руководителя  работ,  выполняет указания в  части оповещения людей, находящихся в шахте. 
 
 
 

Обязанности врача  медицинского пункта

Врач медицинского пункта оказывает первую помощь пострадавшим, руководит отправкой их в больницу, а также организует, в случае надобности, непрерывное дежурство медицинского персонала на время спасательных работ. 

Обязанности машиниста вентиляторной установки

      При получении сигнала об аварии, машинист вентиляторной установки выполняет  все распоряжения ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии.

      Обеспечивает работу ГВУ в режимах “Нормально”, “Остановка”, “Реверс”. Непрерывно находится в здании ГВУ.

      Немедленно  делает записи в журнале  учета работы ГВУ  о всех изменениях режимов работы вентилятора.

АКТ

  Проверки исправности действия реверсивного

      устройства  вентиляторной установки ВО-24К 

  Комиссия  в составе: Председатель - Главный   инженер шахты Козлов Д. И.              

      Члены комиссии: Главный энергетик шахты Еремеев А.В., 

                                   Начальник ПВС шахты     Черенцов В.В.,

                                   Главный механик шахты   Щетинин М. В.,

                                  Помощник командира ВГСО Гаврилов А.В,

в присутствии  Государственного инспектора Балейского отдела горного надзора произвела проверку исправности реверсивного устройства вентилятора ВО24К,  с пропуском вентиляционной струи воздуха по горным выработкам шахты, согласно схеме, предусмотренной ПЛА

В результате проверки установлено:

1. Реверсирование  струи достигается соответствующим поворотом лопаток вентилятора, привод устройства находится в исправном состоянии.

2. Производительность  вентилятора  до реверсии:     107     м3/сек.

3. Депрессия  до реверсии                                               42      мм. вод. ст.

4. Производительность  после реверсии                       116     м3/сек

5. Депрессия  при реверсии                                              36     мм. вод. ст.

6. Продолжительность  работы в реверсивном режиме-30    мин.

7. Произведены  замеры воздуха при следующих режимах работы вентилятора. 

   
Место замера
Режим работы  
Нормально

м3

Реверс

м3

1 Гор.850 м    Кв-г № 1 41,1    
2 Гор. 800 м.  Кв-г  № 1 29,1    
3 Гор.750 м.    Кв-г № 1 6,2    
4. Гор.933 м. полевой  штрек 5,1    
  Количества  поступающего в шахту воздуха 81,5    
 

8. Время, затрачиваемое  на изменение направления струи  воздуха _5 _мин.

9. Время, затрачиваемое  на изменение направления струи  воздуха с реверсивного

режима на нормальный режим  3мин. 

   Вентилятор  работает нормально, реверсивное устройство работает нормально. 

А К Т

Проверки  состояния запасных выходов с рабочих  горизонтов  

Комиссия в  составе:

Главного инженера шахты Козлов Д.И.                                    

начальника ПВС  Черенцов В.В., зам командира  Ново-Широкинскинского ВГСО Гаврилов А.В. произвела проверку состояния запасных  выходов из забоев горных выработок  горизонтов: 933м; 850м; 800м; 750м;

В результате проверки установлено:

Запасные  выхода: лестничные отделения стволов «Клетьевой», «Скиповой», соединяющие горизонты 733м;750м;800м;850м. и дневную поверхность.

  Гор.933м.

восточный вентиляционный восстающий (ВВВ).

  Гор 980м

вентиляционный восстающий №1,х\о лифтподъёмный восстающий.

  Гор 850м.

восточный вентиляционный восстающий (ВВВ); западный вентиляционный восстающий (ЗВВ), восст №1.

  Гор 800м.

восточный вентиляционный восстающий (ВВВ); западный вентиляционный восстающий (ЗВВ), восст 14-2.

  Гор 750м

вентиляционный восстающий №12-3; восст 02b.

все горные выработки исправны и пригодны для прохода по ним людей и горноспасателей в респираторах. 

АКТ

Проверки  наличия и исправности  противопожарных  средств и оборудования

 Комиссия  в составе: Начальник  шахты                   Шадрин В.В..

                                     Начальник ПВС шахты          Черенцов В.В.

                                     Главный механик шахты        Щетинин М.В. 

                                  Командир ВГСО                      Гаврилов А.В.

Произвели проверку состояния противопожарных  средств и оборудования на шахте. Проверкой установлено, что противопожарное оборудование и противопожарный инвентарь находятся в исправном состоянии,  в соответствии с Проектом ППЗ шахты

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