Локализация и ликвидация аварийных ситуаций на шахте

Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 13 Июня 2012 в 11:18, курсовая работа

Краткое описание

Проветривание шахты ОАО «Ново-Широкинский рудник» осуществляется главной вентиляторной установкой, расположенной около устья ствола «Клетьевой» и соединенной с ним вентиляционным каналом. ГВУ оснащена двумя вентиляторами ВО-24К, один из них резервный. Схема проветривания шахты - центрально - фланговая. Способ проветривания - нагнетательный. ГВУ оборудована калориферной установкой, состоящей из основного теплового калорифера и вспомогательного электрического калорифера. Последний работает в автоматическом режиме и предназначен для предварительного подогрева наружного воздуха при низких температурах.

Содержание работы

Введение
1. Общее положение
2. Мероприятия по оповещению и спасению
2.1. Поведение людей при получении сигнала об аварии.
Общие требования
2.2. Поведение людей при ликвидации аварии в начальной стадии
2.3. Поведение людей застигнутых аварией в тупиковой выработке
2.4. Поведение людей, застигнутых пожаром в забоях восстающих выработок
2.5. Поведение людей, находящихся в клети при её зависании
3. Распределение обязанностей между отдельными лицами, участвующими в ликвидации аварий, и порядок их действий
4. Расчет времени выхода в самоспасателях из шахты на поверхность
Список используемой литературы

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      2.5. Поведение людей, находящихся в клети при её зависании

   Люди, находящиеся в клети не должны пытаться самостоятельно выбраться из клети в ходовое отделение ствола. Необходимо дождаться прихода горноспасателей, при эвакуации из клети выполнять указания командира ВГСО.

 

Хранение самоспасателей

              Хранение самоспасателей предусмотрено индивидуальное (в ламповой, под индивидуальным светильником). Каждый работник, входящий в подземные выработки обязан иметь при себе самоспасатель ШСС-Т.  Придя на рабочее место, хранить его на входящей струе воздуха в зоне видимости, но не далее 10 метров от места непосредственно выполняемой работы.

 

3. Распределение обязанностей между отдельными лицами, участвующими в ликвидации аварий, и порядок их действий

 

Обязанности ответственного руководителя

          работ по ликвидации аварии             

1. Немедленно приступает к выполнению мероприятий предусмотренных оперативной частью плана ликвидации аварии (в первую очередь по спасению людей, застигнутых в шахте) и контролируют их выполнение.

2. При ведении спасательных работ и ликвидации аварии обязательными к выполнению являются только распоряжения ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии или лица, его заменяющего.

3. Находится на командном пункте ликвидации аварии.

4. Проверяет, вызвано ли ВГСО

5. Выявляет число рабочих, застигнутых аварией и их местонахождение в    шахте.

6. Совместно с командиром ВСГО уточняет оперативный план работ по спасению людей и ликвидации аварии и, в соответствии с этим, дает письменное задание по спасению людей и ликвидации аварии.

              В случае разногласия между командиром ВГСО и ответственным руководителем работ по ликвидации аварии обязательными к выполнению являются решения ответственного руководителя.

              Если решение противоречит Уставу ВГСО, командир ВГСО записывает в оперативный журнал ликвидации аварии “особое мнение”.

7. Организует ведение  “Оперативного журнала по ликвидации аварии” по форме №4

8. Назначает инженерно-технических работников на посты к телефонам для связи с местом аварии, а также к стволу, для проверки пропусков лиц, спускающихся в шахту без респираторов.

9. Составляется график работ административно-технического персонала и рабочих шахты, если авария имеет затяжной характер.

 

Обязанности горного диспетчера рудника

              По получении сообщения об аварии, до момента прибытия главного инженера шахты или замещающего его лица, выполняет обязанности ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии.

              Немедленно приступает к выполнению мероприятий, предусмотренных оперативной частью плана ликвидации аварии (в первую очередь по спасению людей, застигнутых аварией в шахте) и контролирует их выполнение.

              Командным пунктом является рабочее место горного диспетчера (дежурного по шахте).

Немедленно извещает о произошедшем всех должностных лиц и учреждения согласно списка формы №3. Организует доставку на шахту.

           Организует предоставление необходимого автотранспорта и спец. техники.

            Контролирует работу ГВУ.

 

 

Обязанности командира ВГСО

Командир ВГСО

-находится на командном пункте;

-руководит работой горноспасательных частей в соответствии с планом ликвидации аварий, выполняет задания ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии и несет ответственность за выполнение спасательных работ.

Систематически информирует ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварий о ходе спасательных работ.

 

Обязанности главного инженера предприятия

     Оказывает помощь в ликвидации аварии, не вмешиваясь в оперативную работу ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии;

    Принимает меры к переброске на шахту людей и необходимых для ликвидации аварий оборудования, материалов и транспортных средств и несёт ответственность за своевременное выполнение этих мероприятий.

  Организует работу других цехов и служб рудника по ликвидации аварии.

   Имеет право письменным приказом отстранить ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации и принять руководство на себя или возложить его на другое лицо из числа должностных лиц шахты.

  

Обязанности начальника шахты

1. Начальник шахты немедленно является на шахту и сообщает об этом ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии.

2. Организует медицинскую помощь пострадавшим.

3. Контролирует количество оставшихся в шахте и выехавших на поверхность людей.

4. По требованию ответственного руководителя работ привлекает к ликвидации аварии необходимый персонал рабочих и ИТР.

5. Обеспечивает работу материального, лесного и аварийного складов и организует доставку необходимых материалов к месту аварии.

6. Совместно с начальником АХО рудника и зав. столовой организует питание горноспасательных частей и предоставляет помещение для отдыха.

7.  Руководит работой транспорта на поверхности.

8. Требует от руководства рудника необходимой помощи.

Обязанности главного  энергетика шахты

1. Является на шахту и извещает лично о своем прибытии ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии.

2. Организует бригады и устанавливает постоянное дежурство слесарей, электриков и т.д. для выполнения работ  по ликвидации аварии.

3. Обеспечивает бесперебойную работу шахтного электромеханического оборудования.

4. Обеспечивает по распоряжению ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии или по согласованию с ним, в случае необходимости включение или выключение электроэнергии. Организует подачу резервного электроснабжения.

5. Извещает дежурного подстанции, питающую шахту электроэнергией, об аварии и дает указание о необходимости бесперебойной подачи электроэнергии.

6. Обеспечивает исправное действие телефонной связи и устанавливает телефонную связь с аварийным участком.

7. Все время находится в определенном месте, указанном ответственным руководителем работ по ликвидации аварии, в случае ухода оставляет вместо себя заместителя.

8. Обо всех  действиях докладывает ответственному руководителю работ.

 

Обязанности главного механика  шахты

Главный механик шахты:

1. Является на шахту и извещает лично о своем прибытии ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварий.

2. Организует бригады и устанавливает постоянное дежурство слесарей,   для выполнения работ по ликвидации аварии.

3. Обеспечивает по распоряжению ответственного руководителя работ по ликвидации аварии или по соглашению с ним выключение или включение компрессоров.

4. Обеспечивает бесперебойное действие шахтного водопровода и воздухопровода для подачи воды к месту пожара.

5. Обеспечивает бесперебойную работу шахтного оборудования (подъёмных машин, насосов, вентиляторов, компрессоров и др.)

6. Все время находится в определенном месте, указанном ответственным руководителем работ по ликвидации аварий, в случае ухода оставляет вместо себя заместителя.

7. О своих действиях докладывает ответственному руководителю работ.

 

Обязанности начальника ПВС

1. Начальник ПВС немедленно является на шахту и докладывает о своем прибытии ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии.

2. По распоряжению ответственного руководителя работ осуществляет изменения вентиляционного режима.

3. Следит за работой и состоянием вентиляторов и о результатах докладывает ответственному руководителю работ.

4. Устанавливает потребность, проверяет наличие материалов, необходимых для исправления вентиляционных устройств и обеспечивает их доставку.             

5. Ставит специальных дежурных у вентиляторов на поверхности. О своих действиях и имеющихся у него сведениях об аварии и ходе ликвидации ее, информирует ответственного руководителя работ.

 

                  Зам главного инженера шахты  по охране труда

1. являются на рудник и докладывают о своем прибытии ответственному  руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии;

2. обеспечивают прекращение спуска людей в шахту без пропусков,  следят за тем, чтобы спуск людей в шахту не производился без пропусков;

3.  удаляют из надшахтного здания всех посторонних лиц;

4. выставляют специальные посты у места посадки людей в клеть, у всех выходов шахты, где учитывается  количество спускающихся и выехавших из шахты;

5. ведут учет выехавших людей из шахты и особый учет выезжающих с аварийного участка.

6. обо всех действиях докладывают ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии.

 

Обязанности начальника участка,

заместителя начальника участка

              Начальник или заместитель начальника участка, на котором произошла авария, немедленно сообщает о своем местонахождении руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии лично или через своих подчиненных (в случае невозможности оставить участок) и принимает на месте меры по выводу людей и ликвидации аварии.

              По указанию ответственного руководителя работ спускается в шахту, выясняет число оставшихся на участке людей и принимает меры к их выводу в безопасные места, согласно плана ликвидации аварии.

              Определяет характер и причины аварии и информирует о своих действиях ответственного руководителя работ.

              Начальник участка или заместитель начальника участка при ликвидации аварии остается при ответственном руководителе работ для информации о состоянии выработки, оборудования и пр.

 

Обязанности электромеханика участка

                   Электромеханик  участка:

1. Является на командный пункт и докладывает о своем прибытии ответственному руководителю работ по ликвидации аварии;

 

2. Организует бригаду для выполнения работ по ликвидации аварии;

3. Контролирует работу вентиляторных установок в шахте

4. Обеспечивает прекращение электроснабжения аварийного участка;

5. Следит за бесперебойной работой компрессора;

6. Обеспечивает бесперебойную работу шахтного оборудования;

7. Выполняет указания и распоряжения главного энергетика шахты, если они   не противоречат распоряжениям ответственного руководителя работ.

8. Обо всех действиях докладывает ответственному руководителю работ.

 

Обязанности горного сменного мастера

Аварийного участка

              Немедленно сообщает о своем местонахождении ответственному руководителю работ лично или через своих подчиненных (в случае невозможности оставить участок) и принимает на месте меры к выводу людей и ликвидации аварии.

Организует работы по ликвидации аварии в начальной стадии.

Проверяет, при необходимости обеспечивает, закрытие противопожарных дверей.

Организует работы по возведению временных перемычек.

              По указанию ответственного руководителя работ спускается в шахту, выясняет число оставшихся на участке людей и принимает меры к их выводу в безопасные места или из шахты (как это предусмотрено Планом ликвидации аварии), определяет характер, размеры и причины аварии и информирует о своих действиях ответственного руководителя работ.             

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            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